Teyyub Akhundov was born in Baku.

He showed a passion for photography and cinema from an early age. He came to the film studio at the age of 15. In 1941, he went to the front, fought on the Ukrainian front, participated in the battles for Stalingrad, Kirovograd, Nikolayev, Chisinau, Budapest, and Prague. In the war zone, he filmed the miserable life of his fellow soldiers, devastated cities and villages, and people suffering from the horrors of war with a camera, creating a chronicle of the war. In 1946, he was discharged from the army and returned to the Baku film studio. He studied cinematography at the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography (1945-1952, workshop of Anatoly Golovnya and Mark Magetson). For a while, he worked as an intern at the Mosfilm film studio, and then as a full-time employee.

He was the second cameraman on the film Boris Godunov (1954, directed by Vera Stroyeva). 

He was an employee of the "Azerbaijanfilm" film studio from 1953 until the end of his life.

Honored Artist (1991) Teyyub Akhundov died in 1991.